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battery machine and materials solution
Theoretical formula of Li-ion battery tabs design

Theoretical formula of Li-ion battery tabs design

Jul 01 , 2021
In the structure of lithium-ion battery cells, the battery tab is the metal conductor that leads from the cathode and anode electrodes of the cell, and the complete battery tab is mainly composed of high temperature insulating adhesive and metal conductive substrate. High-temperature insulating adhesive is the insulating part on the battery tabs, for pouch cell, its role is to prevent the short circuit between the metal strip and the aluminum laminate film when the battery is encapsulated, and to prevent leakage by heating and sealing the aluminum laminate film together with hot melt when encapsulating.
Theoretical parameters of battery tabs material
(1) The safe current-carrying value of nickel tabs is 11-13A/mm2, the conductivity of nickel is at 140,000 S/cm, and the melting point is 1200℃~1400℃.

Tabs thickness/mm
Tabs width/mm
Overcurrent capacity/A
0.1 3 3.5
0.1 4 4.5
0.1 5 5.5
0.1 6 6.5
(2) The safe current-carrying value of copper tabs is 5-8A/mm2, the conductivity of copper is 584000 S/cm, and the melting point is ≈1000℃.
(3) The safe current-carrying value of aluminum tabs is 3-5A/mm2, the conductivity of aluminum is 369000 S/cm, and the melting point is about 660℃.
The design of the lithium battery tabs has a significant impact on the overcurrent capability. Generally, the cathode and anode electrodes of Li-ion batteries are connected through tabs inside the battery. Nickel tabs (nickel-plated copper) or aluminum tabs are connected to the anode and cathode caps, respectively.

Conventional lithium-ion batteries use aluminum tabs for the cathode tabs and nickel tabss for the anode tabs, but nickel tabs have poor electrical conductivity. During high-magnification discharge, the low conductivity of anode tabs leads to high surface temperature of the battery, which affects the high-magnification discharge performance of the battery, but the nickel-plated copper anode tabs have excellent electrical conductivity, and their electrical conductivity is close to that of pure copper.
In addition, the influence of the battery tabs material, size and tabs lead-out method on the multiplier discharge performance and multiplier cycle performance of lithium-ion batteries.Generally speaking, the current on the wire is proportional to the cross-section of the wire, that is, the larger the cross-section area of the wire, the greater the current allowed to pass through. The choice of battery tabs size is determined not only by the type of battery, but also by the maximum discharge current of the battery.

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